Alliance des États du Sahel: Liptako-Gourma Charter (Sep 2023), then a confederation (Jul 2024) of Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger. Left ECOWAS in Jan 2025. Mutual-defence pact; Russia-aligned.
Recent (to 21 Oct 2026)
- ~6 Aug: AES states expressed ‘deep regret’ at Tinubu linking Nigeria’s insecurity to the Sahel (C2, Faytuks News Discord (west-africa-sahel), press article quoted in channel, 7 Aug 2026).
Referenced by
- AES Unified Force (Part of)
- Burkina Faso armed forces (Member of)
- FAMa (Mali) (Member of)
- FAN (Niger) (Member of)